📰 PIB Notes for UPSC – 07 July 2026
Daily PIB Current Affairs | UPSC & SSC Exam Preparation
Today's PIB Notes for UPSC covers 11 key topics —
India's Toy Ecosystem, Toy Biz 2026 Success Stories, National Academic Depository (NAD),
Kamarajar Port 18m Draft, Mizoram Natural History Museum 21st Repository,
IIM Bangalore Indonesia Campus, UDISE+ 2025-26 Report, PGI 2.0 Report,
PM Modi Bintang Adipurna Award, PMO Meeting on El Niño, and President Unveils Durand Cup Trophies.
✅ Tap any option to instantly see the answer! Facts verified from PIB sources.
✅ Tap any option to instantly see the answer! Facts verified from PIB sources.
PIB Backgrounder – Ministry of Commerce & Industry
🧸 Strengthening India's Toy Ecosystem – Local Craft to Global Markets
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- India's toy tradition spans nearly 5,000 years — from Indus Valley clay carts to modern educational toys.
- Trade Performance:
- Toy exports (HSN 9503, 9504, 9505): US$152.7 million (2017-18) → US$384.7 million (2025-26) — 151.9% growth.
- Electronic/Non-Electronic Toys (HSN 9503) exports: US$77.35 million → US$200.89 million (~160% growth).
- India achieved trade surplus of US$152 million in 2025-26 (from deficit of US$213.01 million in 2017-18).
- Imports of traditional/educational toys declined by 66%.
- Leading Export Destination: United States (US$26.7 million → US$111.9 million — 4x rise).
- Employment: Games & Toys (NIC Code 324): 8,685 (2018-19) → 17,693 (2023-24) — more than doubled.
- Key Government Initiatives:
- National Action Plan for Toys (NAPT) 2020.
- Quality Control Order (QCO) 2020 — mandatory BIS certification.
- BIS granted 1,786 licenses to domestic + 56 to foreign manufacturers.
- MFN tariff increased: 20% → 60% (2020) → 70% (2023).
- Toy Biz International B2B Exhibition (17th edition, 4-7 July 2026, Bharat Mandapam).
- Toycathon (launched 2021).
- e-Toycathon (first launched 2025).
- e-Toys Lab at C-DAC Noida (MeitY).
- ODOP (One District One Product).
- GI-Tagged Toys:
- Channapatna Toys (Karnataka).
- Leather Toys of Indore (MP).
- Thanjavur Doll (Tamil Nadu).
- GST on toys reduced from 12% to 5%.
- Free Trade Agreements: UAE CEPA, Australia ECTA, EFTA TEPA, Oman CEPA, NZ FTA, UK CEPA.
- India-Population: 1.4 billion+ (significant share under 25).
- 10+ districts identified with toy/doll export potential under DEH initiative.
US$384.7 M
Toy Exports 2025-26
151.9%
Export Growth Since 2017-18
70%
MFN Tariff on Toy Imports
US$152 M
Trade Surplus (from deficit)
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- BIS = Bureau of Indian Standards; est. under BIS Act 1986 (revised 2016); under Ministry of Consumer Affairs.
- MFN = Most-Favoured Nation; WTO principle of non-discrimination in trade.
- Channapatna Toys: Wooden toys of Karnataka; GI-tagged; "Toy Town of Karnataka".
- ODOP: Launched 2018 by UP govt; adopted nationally by DPIIT.
- HSN = Harmonized System of Nomenclature; used for classification of goods in trade.
- C-DAC: Centre for Development of Advanced Computing; under MeitY; HQ Pune.
- India has 7 EPCs (Export Promotion Councils) for handicrafts, textiles, etc.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. The GI-tagged Channapatna toys, known for their wooden craftsmanship, are from which state?
Channapatna Toys and Dolls are the GI-tagged wooden toys from Karnataka ("Toy Town of Karnataka"). Other GI-tagged toys: Leather Toys of Indore (MP), Thanjavur Doll (TN). India's toy exports grew 151.9% (US$152.7M → US$384.7M); trade turned surplus (US$152M in 2025-26).
PIB Backgrounder
🎪 Toy Biz 2026 – 17th B2B Expo at Bharat Mandapam | Global Ambitions
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- 17th Toy Biz International B2B Expo held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi.
- Dates: 4-7 July 2026.
- One of India's largest toy trade exhibitions.
- Addressed by Union Commerce Minister Shri Piyush Goyal.
- Featured Exhibitors:
- vu toys (THE INDIAN TOYS COMPANY) — Jaipur; construction vehicles, RC toys; supported by CGTMSE.
- EDu edge — Mumbai; Montessori-based STEM/eco-friendly learning toys; also exports to Europe.
- Dr. MADY'S INNOVATION Pvt. Ltd. — Kolkata (14 years); telescopes, microscopes, electronic STEM kits; exports to US, Europe, Dubai, Middle East.
- Kitoy Creations — Pune startup (2.5 years); MSME-registered.
- Exhibition growth: 60-65 stalls (earlier) → 400+ stalls today.
- Focus on: STEM toys, educational toys, indigenous manufacturing, exports.
- Government support via MSME schemes helps small manufacturers participate.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- CGTMSE = Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises; launched 2000; provides collateral-free credit.
- Bharat Mandapam: International Exhibition-cum-Convention Centre in New Delhi (Pragati Maidan); inaugurated July 2023.
- STEM = Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics.
- Montessori Method: Educational approach developed by Dr. Maria Montessori (Italy, early 1900s).
- MSME Classification (post 2020): Micro (Investment ≤₹1 Cr, Turnover ≤₹5 Cr); Small (≤₹10 Cr, ≤₹50 Cr); Medium (≤₹50 Cr, ≤₹250 Cr).
- India Toy Fair is another major toy event.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. The 17th Toy Biz International B2B Expo 2026 was held at which venue?
The 17th Toy Biz International B2B Expo was held at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi from 4-7 July 2026. Bharat Mandapam is India's largest MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, Exhibitions) centre at Pragati Maidan, inaugurated in July 2023.
PIB Backgrounder – Ministry of Education
🎓 National Academic Depository (NAD) – Advancing Digital Governance in Education
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- NAD = National Academic Depository.
- Framework for digital storage, verification, authentication, issuance of academic awards.
- Implemented through DigiLocker since 2020.
- India's Education System Scale:
- ~14.71 lakh schools (2024-25).
- 1,420 universities.
- 53,583 colleges.
- 16,795 standalone institutions.
- 280 R&D institutes.
- Governance:
- Parent Ministry: Ministry of Education.
- Nodal Agency: University Grants Commission (UGC).
- Platform: DigiLocker (launched 1 July 2015 under Digital India).
- Legal Framework:
- Information Technology Act, 2000.
- Digital Locker Rules, 2016.
- National e-Authentication Framework (NeAF).
- Digital credentials hold same legal status as physical documents.
- Related Ecosystem:
- APAAR — Automated Permanent Academic Account Registry (12-digit unique ID).
- ABC — Academic Bank of Credits.
- All part of "One Nation, One Student ID".
- Integrated with Government's e-Sanad service for document apostille.
- Aligned with NEP 2020 — enables MEME (Multiple Entry Multiple Exit) & NCrF.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- DigiLocker: Under MeitY; secure cloud-based document storage; part of Digital India (2015).
- UGC: Est. 1953; statutory body under UGC Act 1956; HQ New Delhi.
- IT Act 2000: Provides legal recognition to electronic transactions/records.
- e-Sanad: Online platform for authentication of Indian documents for use abroad; by MEA.
- Apostille: Simplified certification of documents under Hague Convention (1961).
- NEP 2020: 3rd National Education Policy; approved 29 July 2020; replaced NEP 1986.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. The National Academic Depository (NAD) is implemented through which platform?
NAD (National Academic Depository) is implemented through DigiLocker since 2020. UGC is the nodal agency; parent ministry is Ministry of Education. Related components: APAAR (12-digit student ID) + ABC (Academic Bank of Credits). All digital credentials hold same legal status as physical documents under IT Act 2000.
Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways
⚓ Kamarajar Port – India's 2nd Major Port with 18m Draft Capability
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- Kamarajar Port Limited (KPL) emerges as India's 2nd Major Port with 18-metre draft.
- First was Visakhapatnam Port.
- Enables handling of Capesize vessels carrying up to 1,70,000 DWT.
- Project Details:
- Under Capital Dredging Phase VI.
- Investment: ₹440 crore.
- Outer approach channel deepened: 20.0m → 23.0m.
- Inner entrance channel: 19.0m → 22.0m.
- Berth draft: 18m.
- Union Minister: Sarbananda Sonowal, Ports, Shipping & Waterways.
- Kamarajar Port now "Cape Compliant".
- Benefits:
- Lower freight costs via economies of scale.
- Improved cargo-handling efficiency.
- Reduced logistics costs.
- Enhanced Ease of Doing Business.
- Aligned with Maritime India Vision 2030 & Maritime Amrit Kaal Vision 2047.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- Kamarajar Port: Located at Ennore (near Chennai), Tamil Nadu; est. 1999; India's 12th Major Port; India's first corporatised Major Port.
- Named after former CM of TN K. Kamaraj (Bharat Ratna posthumously).
- Capesize Vessels: Too large to transit Panama or Suez Canals; typically 150,000+ DWT.
- DWT = Deadweight Tonnage; measure of cargo capacity of a ship.
- India has 13 Major Ports (12 + Vadhavan): Kolkata, Paradip, Visakhapatnam, Kamarajar, Chennai, V.O. Chidambaranar (Tuticorin), Cochin, New Mangalore, Mormugao, Mumbai (JNPT + MbPT), Kandla (Deendayal), Vadhavan.
- Major Ports come under central government; Non-Major Ports under states.
- India = #1 in ship recycling globally (2025, 35.4% share).
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. Kamarajar Port, which recently achieved 18-metre draft capability, is located in which state?
Kamarajar Port is located at Ennore, Tamil Nadu (near Chennai); est. 1999. India's first corporatised Major Port; named after former CM K. Kamaraj. Now India's 2nd Major Port with 18m draft (after Visakhapatnam), capable of handling Capesize vessels (1,70,000 DWT).
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
🦋 Mizoram's Natural History Museum – India's 21st Designated Repository
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- Natural History Museum (NHM), Mizoram University, Aizawl designated as 21st Designated Repository.
- Under Section 39 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002.
- Notified by Central Government on 19 June 2026.
- Based on recommendation of National Biodiversity Authority (NBA).
- Location Significance:
- Located in Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot.
- Mizoram + Northeast has 7,500+ species of flowering plants.
- 2,000+ faunal species.
- NHM's Role:
- Maintains voucher specimens of flora (pteridophytes, macrofungi).
- Fauna (reptiles, amphibians, fishes, moths, beetles, butterflies).
- Designated depository for type specimens of newly discovered species.
- Has 500+ specimens preserved.
- Established in 2022 under Mizoram University (Central University).
- Notable Discovery: Recently described amphibian Leptobrachella tamdil in Mizoram forests.
- Advances National Biodiversity Target 4 of India's NBSAP (2024-2030).
- Aligned with Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework Target 4.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- Biological Diversity Act, 2002: Implements the CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity, 1992); establishes 3-tier structure — NBA (National), SBB (State), BMC (Biodiversity Management Committee).
- NBA = National Biodiversity Authority; est. 2003; HQ Chennai; statutory body under MoEF&CC.
- India's Biodiversity Hotspots: 4 — Himalayas, Indo-Burma, Western Ghats-Sri Lanka, Sundaland (Nicobar Islands).
- Indo-Burma Hotspot: Covers Northeast India, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam.
- Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework: Adopted at CBD COP15 in 2022 (Montreal); "30x30" target to protect 30% land/sea by 2030.
- Mizoram University: Central University; est. 2001; HQ Aizawl.
- Other repositories include Botanical Survey of India (BSI) and Zoological Survey of India (ZSI).
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. Designated Repositories under the Biological Diversity Act 2002 are notified under which section?
Designated Repositories are notified under Section 39 of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. Mizoram University's Natural History Museum (Aizawl) becomes India's 21st Designated Repository. Located in Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot. NBA (HQ Chennai) is the statutory body under MoEF&CC.
Ministry of Education
🌏 IIM Bangalore to Establish First International Campus in Indonesia
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- PM Narendra Modi announced IIM Bangalore (IIMB) to establish campus in Indonesia.
- Announcement during PM's visit to Indonesia + joint press statement with President Prabowo Subianto.
- Location: Singhasari Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Malang, Indonesia.
- First international campus of IIMB.
- Curriculum Focus (5 Areas):
- Global Supply Chains.
- Digital Transformation.
- Artificial Intelligence.
- Climate and Sustainability.
- Healthcare Management.
- Implementation in 2 Phases:
- Phase 1: High-quality Executive Education Programmes (senior executives, business leaders, public sector).
- Phase 2: Degree-granting management programmes (after 2 years).
- Implemented via MoU between IIMB and PT Intelegensia Grahatama (PT IGT).
- Primarily serves Indonesian nationals + Southeast Asian participants.
- Other International Campuses of Indian Institutions:
- IIM Ahmedabad — Dubai.
- IIT Delhi — Abu Dhabi.
- IIT Madras — Zanzibar.
- Aligned with NEP 2020 vision of internationalisation of Indian higher education.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- IIM Bangalore: Est. 1973; 3rd IIM in India; deemed Institute of National Importance under IIM Act 2017.
- Indonesia: World's 4th most populous country; capital Jakarta (planned new capital Nusantara); largest ASEAN economy.
- Indonesia is part of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations); 10 members.
- India-Indonesia relations elevated to Comprehensive Strategic Partnership in 2018.
- NEP 2020: Promotes internationalisation — top Indian institutions can set up campuses abroad and top global institutions can set up in India.
- IIT Madras Zanzibar: First-ever IIT campus abroad; established 2023.
- IIM Ahmedabad Dubai campus announced in 2024.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. IIM Bangalore will establish its first international campus in Indonesia at:
IIM Bangalore's first international campus will be at Singhasari Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Malang, Indonesia. It's the first international campus of IIMB. Focuses on 5 areas: Global Supply Chains, Digital Transformation, AI, Climate & Sustainability, Healthcare Management. Other Indian institutes abroad: IIM Ahmedabad-Dubai, IIT Delhi-Abu Dhabi, IIT Madras-Zanzibar.
Ministry of Education
📊 UDISE+ 2025-26 Report on School Education Released
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- Union Ministry of Education released UDISE+ 2025-26 Report on School Education.
- UDISE+ = Unified District Information System for Education Plus.
- Key Findings:
- Teachers: 94.83 lakh (2022-23) → 1.02 crore (2025-26) — 8.3% increase.
- Pupil-Teacher Ratio (PTR): Foundational 10, Preparatory 12, Middle 17, Secondary 21 (NEP target 30:1).
- Dropout Rates DECLINE: Preparatory 2.3% (2024-25) → 1.8% (2025-26); Secondary 8.2% → 7.0%.
- Retention Rate: Middle 82.8% → 83.7%; Secondary 47.2% → 51.9%.
- Secondary GER: 68.5% (2024-25) → 71.7% (2025-26).
- Transition Rates improved: Foundational→Preparatory (99.2%), Preparatory→Middle (93.8%), Middle→Secondary (88.3%).
- Infrastructure:
- Schools with Computer: 64.7% → 69.9%.
- Schools with Internet: 63.5% → 67.4%.
- Electricity: 95.0%; Drinking water: 99.5%.
- Girls' toilets: 98.5%; Boys' toilets: 97.2%.
- Handwash: 96.9%; Ramps with handrails: 58.2%.
- Zero Enrolment Schools: Declined by 29% (7,993 → 5,663).
- Single Teacher Schools: Declined by 3% (104,125 → 100,843).
- Female Representation:
- Female Teachers: 52.3% (2022-23) → 54.9%.
- Girls' Enrolment: 48.3% → 48.4%.
1.02 Cr
Total Teachers (2025-26)
71.7%
Secondary GER
54.9%
Female Teachers
7.0%
Secondary Dropout Rate
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- UDISE+: Managed by Department of School Education & Literacy under MoE.
- New school structure per NEP 2020: 5+3+3+4 — Foundational (5), Preparatory (3), Middle (3), Secondary (4).
- GER = Gross Enrolment Ratio; total enrolment as % of age-group population.
- NER = Net Enrolment Ratio; only students in official age group.
- PTR = Pupil-Teacher Ratio; NEP 2020 target = 30:1 max.
- India's school system = one of world's largest with 14.67 lakh+ schools, 24.72 crore+ students.
- Right to Education Act 2009 (RTE): For children 6-14 years.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. As per UDISE+ 2025-26 report, the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) at Secondary level is:
As per UDISE+ 2025-26 report, the GER at Secondary level = 71.7% (up from 68.5% in 2024-25). Middle GER = 89.6%. Note: NEP 2020 school structure is 5+3+3+4 — Foundational, Preparatory, Middle, Secondary. Total teachers increased to 1.02 crore (8.3% rise).
Ministry of Education
📈 PGI 2.0 (States/UTs) and PGI-Districts Report 2025-26 Released
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- Union Ministry of Education released PGI 2.0 (States/UTs) and PGI-Districts Reports for 2025-26.
- PGI = Performance Grading Index.
- Devised by Department of School Education & Literacy.
- India's School System: 14.67 lakh+ schools, 1.03 crore teachers, 24.72 crore students.
- PGI-States/UTs Framework:
- Total weightage: 1,000 points.
- 70 indicators grouped under 2 categories: Outcome + Governance & Management.
- 6 domains: Learning Outcomes & Quality, Access, Infrastructure & Facilities, Equity, Governance Processes, Teachers Education & Training.
- PGI-Districts Framework:
- Total weightage: 600 points.
- 70 indicators grouped under 6 categories.
- 11 domains including Learning Outcomes, Access, Teacher Availability, Learning Management, Infrastructure, School Safety, Digital Learning, Governance, Attendance Monitoring, School Leadership.
- Data Sources:
- UDISE+ (Unified District Information System for Education Plus).
- PARAKH Rashtriya Sarvekshan 2024.
- PM POSHAN Portal.
- PRABAND Portal.
- Vidyanjali Portal.
- PRABANDH Portal (for PGI-D).
- Grading approach places States/UTs in performance bands.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- PARAKH = Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development; established under NCERT.
- PARAKH Rashtriya Sarvekshan (formerly NAS) is a large-scale national student assessment.
- PM POSHAN = Pradhan Mantri Poshan Shakti Nirman; earlier called Mid-Day Meal Scheme; renamed 2021.
- Vidyanjali Portal: Initiative to strengthen schools through community/private-sector participation.
- Samagra Shiksha: Integrated scheme for school education from pre-primary to Class 12.
- NEP 2020: Aims to raise GER in higher education to 50% by 2035.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. The Performance Grading Index (PGI) for States/UTs 2.0 has a total weightage of:
The PGI-States/UTs 2.0 framework has a total weightage of 1,000 points across 70 indicators, 6 domains, 2 categories (Outcome + Governance/Management). PGI-Districts has 600 points across 70 indicators, 11 domains. Data sourced from UDISE+, PARAKH Rashtriya Sarvekshan, PM POSHAN Portal, etc.
Prime Minister's Office
🏅 PM Modi Conferred 'Bintang Adipurna' – Indonesia's Highest Civilian Award
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- PM Narendra Modi conferred 'Bintang Adipurna of the Republic of Indonesia' medal of honour.
- By President Prabowo Subianto of Indonesia.
- Highest civilian honour of Republic of Indonesia.
- Conferred for PM's leadership and exceptional contribution to India-Indonesia relations.
- PM dedicated award to people of India and Indonesia.
- Marks enduring civilizational ties between the two countries.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- Bintang Adipurna: Indonesia's highest civilian honour; conferred on foreign dignitaries who made outstanding contributions.
- Other International Awards Received by PM Modi:
- Order of the Nile (Egypt, 2023).
- Grand Collar of the State of Palestine (2018).
- Order of St. Andrew the Apostle (Russia, 2019).
- Order of Zayed (UAE, 2019).
- Order of the Distinguished Rule of Nishan Izzuddin (Maldives, 2019).
- Legion of Merit (USA, 2020).
- Order of the Dragon King (Bhutan, 2021).
- Companion of the Order of Fiji (2023).
- Grand Collar of the National Order of the Southern Cross (Brazil, 2024).
- Various others.
- India-Indonesia Relations:
- Established 1950; Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (2018).
- Both are QUAD partners (Indonesia is not QUAD, but strategic Indo-Pacific partner).
- Indonesia: 4th most populous country; world's largest Muslim-majority nation; capital Jakarta.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. PM Narendra Modi was recently conferred 'Bintang Adipurna', the highest civilian honour of which country?
PM Modi was conferred 'Bintang Adipurna of the Republic of Indonesia' — Indonesia's highest civilian honour by President Prabowo Subianto during his visit to Indonesia. Also announced IIM Bangalore's first international campus at Singhasari SEZ, Malang, Indonesia.
Prime Minister's Office
🌾 PMO Reviews El Niño Impact & Preparedness for Kharif Season
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- High-level review meeting chaired by Dr. P.K. Mishra, Principal Secretary to PM.
- Held at Seva Teerth on 7 July 2026.
- 15+ Ministries attended: Agriculture, Power, Health, Rural Development, IMD, etc.
- IMD Update:
- Monsoon onset delayed by ~10 days in Gujarat, MP, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra.
- All-India rainfall deficit down to -12% (as of 7 July).
- First week of July: above normal monsoon.
- Weak to moderate El Niño expected in July-August.
- July receives 30%+ of monsoon season rainfall.
- Key Preparedness Measures:
- Weekly meetings of Crop Weather Watch Group.
- District Agriculture Contingency Plans updated for 262 vulnerable districts.
- ICAR issued SOP for "Managing El Niño Risks in Indian Agriculture" for KVKs.
- Campaign for PMFBY + KCC coverage.
- Under MGNREGA: 1 crore person-days generated (since 1 July).
- Emphasized: micro-level planning, water conservation, fodder availability.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- El Niño: Warming of central & eastern Pacific Ocean; occurs every 2-7 years; weakens Indian monsoon.
- La Niña: Opposite; cooling; strengthens Indian monsoon.
- ENSO = El Niño-Southern Oscillation.
- IMD: Indian Meteorological Department; est. 1875; HQ New Delhi; under Ministry of Earth Sciences.
- PMFBY = Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana; crop insurance; launched 2016.
- KCC = Kisan Credit Card; launched 1998; for farmer credit needs.
- MGNREGA: Mahatma Gandhi NREGA; 2005; guarantees 100 days of employment.
- ICAR = Indian Council of Agricultural Research; est. 1929; HQ New Delhi.
- KVK = Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Farm Science Centres); ~700+ across India.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. El Niño refers to which climatic phenomenon?
El Niño refers to the warming of central and eastern Pacific Ocean waters; occurs every 2-7 years; typically weakens the Indian monsoon. Opposite phenomenon is La Niña (cooling). El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the combined phenomenon. IMD predicts weak to moderate El Niño in July-August 2026.
President's Secretariat
⚽ President Unveils Durand Cup Tournament Trophies
📝 Key Notes
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
❓ MCQ Practice
- President of India Smt. Droupadi Murmu unveiled and flagged off the Trophies of the Durand Cup Tournament 2026.
- Function held at Rashtrapati Bhavan Cultural Centre on 7 July 2026.
- Three Trophies associated with the tournament:
- Durand Cup — main trophy.
- President's Cup.
- Shimla Trophy.
- Sri Lankan team also to compete this year.
- Ongoing FIFA World Cup mentioned.
- President noted football's role in unity, sportsmanship, teamwork.
- Emphasized India's aim to achieve Viksit Bharat by 2047.
⭐ Prelims Extra Points
- Durand Cup: Oldest football tournament in Asia; established 1888; named after Sir Mortimer Durand (Foreign Secretary of British India).
- 3rd oldest football tournament in the world.
- Organised by Indian Armed Forces (Durand Football Tournament Society).
- Durand Cup Trophies:
- Durand Cup: Original rolling trophy.
- President's Cup: Given by President of India; kept permanently by winner.
- Shimla Trophy: Given by residents of Shimla in 1904.
- Traditionally held in Kolkata since 2019 (earlier at Delhi and Shimla).
- FIFA = Fédération Internationale de Football Association; est. 1904; HQ Zurich.
- FIFA World Cup 2026: Hosted by USA, Canada, Mexico (first tri-nation host).
- India's football governing body: All India Football Federation (AIFF); est. 1937.
❓ MCQ Practice
Q. The Durand Cup, whose trophies were unveiled by the President, is:
The Durand Cup is Asia's oldest football tournament and 3rd oldest football tournament in the world; established in 1888 and named after Sir Mortimer Durand (Foreign Secretary of British India). Three trophies: Durand Cup, President's Cup, Shimla Trophy. Organised by Indian Armed Forces; usually held in Kolkata now.
PIB Notes for UPSC – 07 July 2026
PIB Notes for UPSC on 07 July 2026 cover the most important Press Information Bureau (PIB) releases relevant for UPSC Prelims and Mains. Today's notes include India's Toy Ecosystem, Toy Biz 2026 Success Stories, National Academic Depository (NAD), Kamarajar Port 18-metre draft expansion, Mizoram Natural History Museum repository, IIM Bengaluru Indonesia Campus, UDISE+ 2025-26 Report, PGI 2.0 Report, PM Modi receiving the Bintang Adipurna Award, discussions on El Niño, and the unveiling of the Durand Cup trophies.
Important Topics Covered in PIB Notes for UPSC
- India's Toy Ecosystem and Toy Biz 2026
- National Academic Depository (NAD)
- Kamarajar Port 18-metre Draft Expansion
- Mizoram Natural History Museum Repository
- IIM Bengaluru Indonesia Campus
- UDISE+ 2025-26 Report
- Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2.0
- PM Modi receives Bintang Adipurna Award
- PMO Meeting on El Niño Preparedness
- President Unveils Durand Cup Trophies
Why Read PIB Notes for UPSC?
PIB Notes for UPSC provide authentic government information on education, economy, infrastructure, ports, international relations, governance, sports and public policy. These official updates are highly valuable for UPSC Prelims while also offering excellent examples for GS answers in UPSC Mains.
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These notes are useful for UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE), TNPSC, SSC, Banking, Railway, Defence, State PSC and other competitive examinations requiring reliable current affairs from official government sources.
Focus Keywords
- PIB Notes for UPSC
- PIB Notes for UPSC 07 July 2026
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- India's Toy Ecosystem
- National Academic Depository
- Kamarajar Port
- UDISE+
- PGI 2.0
- IIM Bengaluru Indonesia Campus
- Bintang Adipurna Award
- Durand Cup
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Which exams can benefit from PIB Notes for UPSC?
These notes are useful for UPSC, TNPSC, SSC, Banking, Railway, Defence, State PSC and other competitive examinations.
Are these PIB Notes prepared from official government sources?
Yes. Every topic is prepared from official Press Information Bureau (PIB) releases and presented in an exam-oriented format for quick revision, conceptual clarity and answer-writing value addition.
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